Symptoms of Food Allergy in a Horse

Food allergies in a horse are relatively rare, but they do occur. The symptoms of a food allergy may be vague or similar to other conditions, so allergies aren't always easy to detect. Food allergies may be caused by incomplete digestion, resulting in an inflammation of the intestinal lining. The most common food allergens in a horse's diet are wheat and corn. If a horse has a food allergy, the offending food must be identified and removed from the horse's diet.

A horse with a sensitivity to a particular food(s) may not eat as well as he did previously. This is usually because of digestive discomfort, rather than an avoidance of the food itself. Weight loss may result, if the horse hasn't been eating properly.

Diarrhea can be a symptom of other health conditions besides food allergies. Colic, which is defined as abdominal pain and may be classified as an umbrella term for several gastrointestinal disorders, can be a symptom of food allergy. Abdominal pain and/or diarrhea could be symptoms of a serious digestive ailment that requires medical attention.

Symptoms of food allergies, such as loss of appetite and diarrhea, can result in weakness and lethargy. The horse may lack energy and stamina. He may avoid regular activities and may lie down more than usual. The horse may seem uninterested and depressed.

Food allergies often produce skin irritations, such as itching, dry skin and hives. The skin and coat may have a dull, lackluster appearance. Hives are common in a horse that is suffering from a food allergy.

If a food allergy is suspected, blood tests can confirm it. An elimination diet is necessary to determine the food(s) that are causing the sensitivity. Once the offending food has been identified, it should be removed from the horse's diet.

Treatment of a food allergy involves removing the offending food from the diet for at least 6 months, during which time the intestinal tract will heal. The food may be reintroduced slowly, but if symptoms occur again, remove the offending food from the horse's diet completely. Horses can be allergic to grass and hay, as well as substances found on or in them, so it is best to provide only top-quality sources of hay to prevent unnecessary sensitivity.